B2 · PERFECT ASPECT
Perfect Simple vs Continuous
Perfect simple (have/had done) sonuç ve tamamlanmışlığa; perfect continuous (have/had been doing) sürece ve süreye odaklanır.
| Odak | Biçim | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Sonuç / miktar | perfect simple | I have read three books. |
| Süreç / süre | perfect continuous | I have been reading all day. |
- Tamamlanmış ve sayılı sonuç: She has written two emails.
- Devam eden/yeni biten etkinlik: She has been writing emails.
- Durum fiilleri (know, be, sahip olmak anlamında have) genelde continuous almaz: I have known him for years. (❌ have been knowing)
Örnekler
-
I have painted the kitchen. (it's finished)
Mutfağı boyadım. (bitti)
simple: tamamlanmış sonuç -
I have been painting the kitchen. (that's why I'm messy)
Mutfağı boyuyordum. (bu yüzden üstüm başım kirli)
continuous: sürece vurgu -
We have known each other since childhood.
Çocukluktan beri birbirimizi tanıyoruz.
durum fiili → simple
Mini alıştırma
Mikro döngü · 6 soru · Boşluk doldur
-
I (boşluk) four chapters of the book so far.
- have been reading
- have read
- have been read
-
We (boşluk) each other since primary school.
- have known
- have been knowing
- are knowing
- know
-
Sorry about the mess — I (boşluk) the living room, and I haven't finished yet.
- have painted
- have been painting
- painted
-
She (boşluk) three emails this morning, and now she's making phone calls.
- has been writing
- writes
- has written
- has been written
-
How many cups of coffee (boşluk) today?
- have you been drinking
- are you drinking
- have you drunk
-
I (boşluk) this laptop for five years and it still works perfectly.
- have been having
- am having
- had
- have had
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